<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-09-22T02:34:22Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:dspace.unza.zm:123456789/6228" metadataPrefix="dim">https://dspace.unza.zm/server/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:dspace.unza.zm:123456789/6228</identifier><datestamp>2022-11-03T09:28:19Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_123456789_18</setSpec><setSpec>col_123456789_99</setSpec></header><metadata><dim:dim xmlns:dim="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim http://www.dspace.org/schema/dim.xsd">
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="author">Imasiku, Inonge</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2020-07-17T07:49:56Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="available">2020-07-17T07:49:56Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="issued">2016</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" lang="en">Thesis</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="abstract" lang="en">Although the University of Zambia (UNZA) in its 2013-2017 strategic plan intends to meet&#xd;
increased demand for university education through expanded provision of Open Distance&#xd;
Learning as an option for mass teaching, there is no mention of an equitable increase in library&#xd;
and information resources and services. Several studies and Standards for distance learning&#xd;
library services have stressed the need for equitable access to library services for both on-campus&#xd;
and off-campus (distance) learners. Sadly, there has been a steady decline in library and&#xd;
information service provision to the distance learner. This study therefore sought to explore&#xd;
ways in which Information and Communication Technology (ICT) could be applied to enhance&#xd;
library and information service delivery to distant learners (DLs). It further sought to propose an&#xd;
ICT framework on library and information services support to distance learners at the University&#xd;
of Zambia.&#xd;
A survey methodology was used to collect data on distance learners’ competencies to access&#xd;
information using ICTs, policy on distance learning library services and the extent to which ICTs&#xd;
were being used in both access to and provision of distance learning library services.&#xd;
Questionnaires were used to collect data from 100 distance learners while interviews were used&#xd;
to collect data from 5 librarians and a member of staff from Learner Support, Institute of&#xd;
Distance Education (IDE). The total number of respondents was therefore 106. All the&#xd;
respondents were purposely selected. Quantitative data was analysed using statistical analysis&#xd;
softwaThe study has revealed that distance learners do possess ICT skills required to access ICT&#xd;
enabled resources and services (as revealed by 77%) but the major drawback was that these&#xd;
resources and services were not accessible remotely. It has further been established that in as&#xd;
much as distance learners had abilities to use ICTs like computers, most learners expressed lack&#xd;
of online search skills (73%) as well as problems in using UNZA e-resources. Thus learners may&#xd;
require user education in terms of information literacy, ICT literacy and general library use.&#xd;
Furthermore, a policy, which is a pre-requisite to successful distance learning library support, did&#xd;
not exist at UNZA. Additionally, the extent of ICT use in library support to the DL was low to&#xd;
almost non-existent. As learners seemingly possessed requisite ICT skill and as skill can in any&#xd;
case be developed through training, skill would not be a major drawback in model application.&#xd;
In order to effectively meet the information needs of the distance learner, the study therefore&#xd;
recommended that: the UNZA library adopt the proposed model of ICT library resources and&#xd;
services to the distance learner; employ extensive use of ICT in library support;&#xd;
establish/strengthen co-operative linkages with other universities; and that the Library and&#xd;
Information Association of Zambia establishes ‘Best Practices’ that should act as a benchmark&#xd;
for library support to the distance learner and as such institutions should be able to evaluate their&#xd;
services against this minimum standard.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="uri">http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/6228</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="language" qualifier="iso" lang="en">en</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="publisher" lang="en">The University of Zambia</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en">ICT--Distance students--Zambia</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en">ICT--Frame work--Distance students--Zambia</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en">ICT-Library and information services--Distance students</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="title" lang="en">Application  of information and communication technologies in library and information services to distance learning students at the university of Zambia.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="type" lang="en">Thesis</dim:field>
</dim:dim></metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>