<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-09-24T04:44:02Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:dspace.unza.zm:123456789/6351" metadataPrefix="dim">https://dspace.unza.zm/server/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:dspace.unza.zm:123456789/6351</identifier><datestamp>2020-08-06T08:17:18Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_123456789_18</setSpec><setSpec>col_123456789_77</setSpec></header><metadata><dim:dim xmlns:dim="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim http://www.dspace.org/schema/dim.xsd">
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="author">Mkandawire, Songelo</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2020-08-06T06:17:14Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="available">2020-08-06T06:17:14Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="issued">2019</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" lang="en">Thesis</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="abstract" lang="en">The study established social-cultural factors affecting the distribution of school&#xd;
administrative positions by sex in selected schools in Lundazi District, Eastern province&#xd;
of Zambia. The study was guided by the following specific objectives; to investigate&#xd;
district education board office, head teachers and teachers’ perceptions on the influence&#xd;
of social-cultural factors on sex imbalance in school administrative positions; to&#xd;
investigate social-cultural factors that are perceived to cause sex imbalance in school&#xd;
administrative positions and; to establish the influence that social –cultural factors have&#xd;
on women teachers in taking up administrative positions in schools.The researcher used&#xd;
a questionnaire and focus group discussion to gather information from the respondents&#xd;
in order to achieve the objectives.&#xd;
The study found that lack of relevant higher qualifications and teachers’ self-perception&#xd;
which resulted from social cultural factors such as the belief that men were born leaders&#xd;
and women were subjects. The marital status of most female teachers had a bearing on&#xd;
their willingness to be relocated to other schools, this closely related to the location of&#xd;
the schools that resulted in less female teachers taking up administrative position in&#xd;
some schools.&#xd;
The experience in years of service had a minimal effect on the promotion of teachers&#xd;
into administrative position as one had to serve for at least two years before&#xd;
consideration could be given for promotion.&#xd;
The study recommended among other things that: the government should ensure that&#xd;
there is an equal distribution of academic progression between male and female&#xd;
teachers. The school administrators should put in place a very strong, transparent and&#xd;
bias free mechanism for rising recommendations for promotions. All stakeholders&#xd;
DEBS, Head Teachers, Teachers and the community) should take women and men as&#xd;
equals where service delivery is concerned.&#xd;
Keywords: gender, girl child education, women, social issues, education, policy.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="uri">http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/6351</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="language" qualifier="iso" lang="en">en</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="publisher" lang="en">The University of Zambia</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en">Gender--Girl child education</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en">Women-- Social issues--Education-- Policy</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="title" lang="en">Social cultural factors affecting sex imbalance in school administrative positions in Lundazi district</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="type" lang="en">Thesis</dim:field>
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