The relationship between compliance and quality of life among adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

Abstract

This research aimed at investigating the relationship between compliance and quality of life among adolescents with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DMT1). The study explored the impact of an information giving intervention on compliance and quality of life in adolescents with DMT1. It also explored the factors related to compliance namely units of insulin, delay in meal timings, lapse in diet, physical exercises and hypoglycaemic episodes. The study further explored the effect of compliance on the quality of life of the adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Sample:A total of 40 adolescents with diabetes mellitus type 1 were recruited at diabetes association of Zambia centre in University teaching hospital. The sample was in the age range of 16 to 19.Procedure:The baseline measures for intervention and control group was done in week 1(time 1), where the 40 adolescents answered the demographic questionnaire, quality of life scale modified for youths and the rating scale for compliance. In week 2 to week 9, the researcher was with the intervention group and had 1 meeting with them once in a week. In week 10; time 2, follow up measure (same used at time 1 with intervention and control group) was done. The researcher met both groups at the Diabetes Association of Zambia Centre DAZ in University teaching hospital UTH. The participants were asked to complete the demographic questionnaire, rating scale for compliance and the diabetes quality of life scale modified for youths. These questionnaires were completed one after the other in both baseline intervention and follow up (post assessment). Instructions were read to them before they started answering each questionnaire in a plenary setup.Results:The demographic results indicate an even distribution of participants by age in both the control and intervention groups. There was equal number of participants both in the control and intervention group. The compliance levels were tested at a significant level of 0.05 using a Mann Whitney U test, the results showed that there was a significant difference between the control and intervention group at follow up in compliance to treatment, impact of diabetes and worries about diabetes. However, satisfaction with life showed a significant difference between the control and intervention group at follow up, were the control group showed more satisfaction with life compared to the intervention group at follow up. The bivariate correlation coefficient accepted the hypothesis that there was a relationship between compliance and quality of life among adolescents with diabetes mellitus type 1 at a significant level of 0.01were r= 0.468 and p=0.002.