Multi factor authentication access control for student and staff based on RFID, barcode and GIS

Abstract

University of Zambia like most Public Universities and Higher Learning Institutions in Zambia have a challenge preventing unauthorized access into their campus environment. There is no automatic identification of all who enter or exit the campus facilities. No audit trail or record is kept for visitors who enter the campus. This makes it a challenge to protect the organisations’ assets such as information, personal property, staff and students. Members of Staff, Students and Visitors of the University have lost and continue to lose belongings such as laptops and cars. This study proposes an Access Control and Visitor Real Time Tracking System to improve the level of security on the campus. A baseline study was conducted to measure the level of security at the University using questionnaires that were designed based on ISO 27002 Standard for Physical and Environmental Security. The results of this baseline study show that the University’s security is porous. The findings also revealed that more than ninety percent of the respondents were victims of theft or have known of a victim of theft whilst on campus. Data was collected from 200 students, 120 members of staff ten of which are from the University of Zambia’s (UNZA) security office. Based on the results from the baseline study a model Access Control and Real Time Tracking system was to designed to control all who enter and exit the campus. The designed model was based on RFID, Biometrics, Barcode and GIS. The RFID, Biometrics, and Barcode Technologies are designed as an identification and authentication mechanism of people entering and exiting the campus. The study focused on developing a real time visitor tracking system using GIS and GPS Results from the real time tracking system show that a visitor’s movement and geographical location was known. A record of past visits could also be reviewed. This research is expected to allow the University have control of who accesses the University premises and ensure visitors are recorded and access only facilities they are allowed to. Keywords: Security and Access Control, Authentication, RFID, ISO 27002, GIS