The effect of energy mix on energy deficit in 10 miles in Chibombo district.
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Date
2024
Authors
Phiri, Rodgers
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
The University of Zambia
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate how the energy mix impacts the energy deficit, focusing specifically on the accessibility within a 10 Mile radius in the Chibombo district of the Central province. This region, like many parts of Zambia, faced energy deficits due to its reliance on hydroelectricity, which is hampered by drought-induced water shortages (Silimina, 2023). While prior studies, such as Kaela's work in 2018, have projected Zambia's energy mix by 2050, they have not explored its effects on accessibility and availability, creating a research gap. Failure to investigate the energy mix's impact on energy deficit could perpetuate detrimental activities like charcoal production, a major driver of deforestation and forest degradation in Zambia, leading to high carbon emissions and depletion of wood resources. The objectives of the study included identifying the types of energy used at 10 Miles, determining the drivers behind these choices, and assessing how the energy mix influences the energy deficit in the area. The study employed a qualitative research approach, focusing on three focus groups comprising 10 households each and 20 key informants from diverse backgrounds such as business houses, village Chiefs, council officials, churches, and schools. Primary data collection utilized interviews and focus group discussions, while secondary data was gathered from libraries, media, and open educational resources. Data analysis involved content analysis for interview data
and thematic analysis for focus group discussions. Findings revealed five primary energy sources at 10 Miles: solar power, hydropower, biomass, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), and wind power. Despite this variety, access to reliable and affordable energy remains challenging, with traditional biomass dominating with over 50% accessibility rate. Electrification rates in Chibombo district were notably low, with only 6% compared to the
national average of 5%. Additionally, clean cooking solutions were scarce, with merely 5% of households having access to LPG, biogas, and improved cook stoves. Factors that affected energy availability include resources, infrastructure, policies, climate, geography, and technology. Solutions include off-grid renewables, efficiency measures, capacity building, and public-private partnerships to overcome challenges. The study advises investing in off-grid renewables (solar, wind, hydropower) for remote areas, suggesting mini-grids for community service. Implementing energyefficient technologies and fostering partnerships with the private sector while providing financial support and training are recommended for sustainability.
Description
Thesis of Master of Science degree in Environmental and Natural Resources Management.